In this guide, we’ll delve into the numerous facets of a Java application and the array of tests needed to guarantee a top-quality, error-free application.
This constitutes the first component of a trilogy focusing on JAVA application testing.
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- In this piece, we will touch upon the J2EE components and the manual testing procedure for a J2EE application.
- In the ensuing part, we’ll examine the automated testing procedure applied in the testing of J2EE applications.
- In the concluding part, we will go over a detailed roster of tools obtainable for testing J2EE applications.
What You’ll Acquire:
Starting Out With an Overview of J2EE Applications
A Java web application encompasses several components, each with a critical function. The most commonly employed architectural pattern for web applications is the Model View Controller (MVC) pattern.
Before immersing ourselves in testing, let’s rapidly overview the various J2EE application components. The official documentation is a great resource for more details about these components.
- Client/Browser – The client initiates a server request by keying a URL into the browser.
- JSP (Java Server Pages) – JSP is a server-side technology that dynamically generates HTML pages. It intermixes HTML templates with embedded Java code to produce dynamic content.
- JSF (Java Server Faces) – JSF is a Java-centric web application framework utilized for constructing component-based user interfaces.
- Javascript/Jquery – These scripting languages facilitate client-side validation of the view/screen.
- Servlet – A Servlet oversees the processing of requests and responses. It interfaces with other components to achieve the required output.
- Enterprise Java Bean (EJB) – EJB oversees the application’s business logic. It interfaces with the database and conducts operations according to user requests.
- Web Services – Web services are components that function on separate servers and communicate via the HTTP protocol.
- Database – The database retains the data the application utilizes.
Bear in mind that not all web applications conform to the JSP -> Servlet -> EJB -> Database model. Application designs may differ based on aspects such as application size, cost, timeframe, resources, and team size. Multiple applications utilize frameworks like Struts, Spring, or Hibernate.
Testing JAVA/J2EE Applications
Now, let’s dive into testing a complete J2EE application. This can be achieved in multiple steps. Consider an application with three screens as an example:
- A sign-in screen
- An employee presentation screen, showcasing all employees within the organization
- An employee adjustment/addition/deletion screen
For these screens, JSP/HTML develops the user interface (UI), and JavaScript carries out the validations. In this instance, the logic is contained in the Servlet and DAO (Data Access Object) classes. The DAO class administers database operations.
Here are a few illustrative test cases for the sign-in screen:
| S.No. | Test Case | Hoped-for Result | Actual Result | Pass/Fail |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Check the labels “Username” and “Password” | The labels should correctly be displayed | The labels “Username” and “Password” are accurately displayed | Pass |
| 2 | Check the “Submit” and “Cancel” buttons | The buttons should be displayed with correct labeling | The “Submit” and “Cancel” buttons are displayed accurately | Pass |
| 3 | Verify the screen’s background color | The screen should possess a white table with a gray backdrop | Screen appearance is unaligned with requirements | Fail |
| 4 | Check error message when username is left blank | An “Username cannot be empty” error message should be displayed | The error message “Username cannot be empty” is displayed | Pass |
| 5 | Check error message when password is left blank | An “Password cannot be empty” error message should be displayed | The error message “Password cannot be empty” is displayed | Pass |
| 6 | Check error message for incorrect username-password combination | “Invalid username password combination” error message should be displayed | The error message “Invalid username password combination” is displayed | Pass |
| 7 | Check error message when username extends 10 characters | “Username should not exceed 10 characters” error message should be displayed | Error message is not displayed | Fail |
| 8 | Check successful login | User should be rerouted to the employee details screen | The employee details screen is displayed | Pass |
These are some illustrative test cases; the vein of testing will change based on the project’s unique requirements.
On wrapping up the sign-in screen testing, similar testing should be conducted for all other application screens. It’s crucial to test the fields, buttons, functionality, and validations of each screen.
The succeeding step in testing J2EE applications involves Integration testing. Integration testing emphasizes the interaction and data transfer testing between distinct application modules. Here are some representative integration test cases for the employee application:
- Ensure user login and session consistency across all screens
- Make sure no unwarranted modifications occur to the database records by other modules
- Ensure correct handling of the employee status field across numerous screens
- Examine the application’s overall appearance and behavior post-integration
- Ensure the “Submit” button redirect function to the next screen
- Ensure the “Cancel” button negates the action
Aside from integration testing, other tests that can be performed for J2EE applications encompass:
- System Testing: Testing the application in its entirety for functionality, comprehensiveness, and adherence to requirements. This involves testing the end-to-end data flow and control, security features, and all business functionalities.
- Performance Testing: Testing the application’s performance under different scenarios such as high user volume or an abundance of data in the database. This testing aims to identify potential performance issues or bottlenecks.
Summarizing
In this piece, we covered a general overview of J2EE applications and elaborated on how to conduct manual testing for various application components. We also touched upon Integration testing, System testing, and Performance testing. In the next piece, we’ll delve into the advantages of Automation testing for colossal J2EE applications.
About the Author: This guest article was penned by Padmavaty S. She has over 7 years of experience in software testing and has particular expertise in testing Java, J2EE, MVC, and Struts framework.
If you are currently engaged in testing JAVA applications, feel welcome to share your experiences and questions in the comments section below.